indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
pot; jar; dice cup; depression; basin (e.g. of a waterfall); aim; what one wants
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
by means of; due to; because of; according to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
to be opposite; to face each other; to confront (an issue); to face
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
two (long cylindrical things)
line; stripe; line (e.g. telephone line); wire; ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; line (e.g. of a railroad)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
in this way; thus; such; uh...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
extension; elongation; prolongation; Enchō era (923.4.11-931.4.26)
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
uncertain; vague; ambiguous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
unreliable; uncertain; indefinite; unclear
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality