metre; meter; meter; gauge
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
breath; breathing; tone; mood
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
calmly; quietly; gently; be quiet!
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
process; course; mechanism
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
powerless; helpless; incompetent
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
wisdom; wit; sagacity; prajna (insight leading to enlightenment)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
nail (e.g. fingernail, toenail); claw; plectrum; pick; hook; clasp
tool; implement; means; furniture
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to have a long life; to live a long time
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
test; trial; probation; ordeal; tribulation
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
trigger (of a gun, etc.); trigger (for something); immediate cause
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
sappanwood (Caesalpinia sappan); sappanwood dye (red in colour); layered colour (light brown on the front, dark red beneath)
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe