yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
father; dad; husband; you; he
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
bow (weapon); archery; bow (for a violin, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
than; from; out of; except; but; more
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
thin; slender; fine; unlucky
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to break; to be broken; to be folded; to give in; to back down; to turn (a corner)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
fat; thick; deep (of a voice); thick; daring; shameless
to bend; to crook; to lean; to tilt; to bend (the truth); to distort
difficult to ...; hard to ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
how; in what way; how about
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
jack; knave; (electrical) jack; hijack; hijacking
toy; (person or thing treated as a) plaything
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
of course; certainly; naturally
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to substitute for; to stand in for; to fill in for
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
substitute; replacement; stand-in; proxy; compensation; exchange
is something wrong?; what's wrong?; what's the matter?; slightest; mere; trivial
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that