tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to move (house); to change residence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
terrific; staggering; tremendous; frightful; ghastly; horrific
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
hard to believe; fabulous; unbelievable; incredible
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to cease; to stop; to be over
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
father; dad; husband; you; he
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
story; tale; talk; discussion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
in that way; thus; so; so?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish