indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
in that way; thus; so; so?
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
calendar; calender (machine for flattening things)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
mark; sign; symbol; emblem; badge; crest
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
January; first month of the lunar calendar
twenty-third day of the month; twenty-three days
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
to return; to come back; to turn over; to become extremely; to become completely
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only