senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
honorific/polite/humble prefix
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
preparation; arrangements
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
bad; wrong; must not (do, be); should not; useless; no good; hopeless
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
last night; yesterday evening
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to leave (a matter, decision, etc. to someone); to entrust (to someone); to leave (to chance, one's imagination, etc.); to let (take its own course); to use (money, strength, spare time, etc.) to the full; to use freely
please (give me); please (do for me)
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
so; like this; in this way; this much; to this extent
to scatter around; to leave untidy; to make a mess
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to get angry; to get mad; to lose one's temper; to scold; to tell (someone) off
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
then; well; so; well then
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)