to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
supreme ruler; generalissimo; president (of Taiwan); führer; fuehrer
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
purposely (of something needless, unexpected or seemingly counterproductive, etc.); daringly (doing something); not necessarily; not particularly; (arch.) definitely not
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
beside a nobleman; close aid (of a nobleman, etc.); place where a high ranking person resides; one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.); place under one's direct control; one's own turf
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
materials; data; document
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
meaning; significance; sense
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do