truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
having ended; being resolved
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
to give one's first cry (of a newborn baby); to be born; to come into being; to be formed
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
innumerable; countless; numberless
spread; extension; influence; aftereffect; ripple
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
father; dad; husband; you; he
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
consequence; outcome; result; blame
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; the matter in question
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)