now; the present time; just now; another; more
Paloh (Malaysia); Paro (Bhutan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
citizen; citizenry; city inhabitant; townspeople; bourgeoisie; middle class
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
honorific/polite/humble prefix
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
pale; pallid; bluish-white
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
in regard to; concerning (usu. of disputes)
war; fighting; fierce competition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to commence
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(I) will; (I) shall; let's; (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); hey