hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
older sister; elder sister
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to lay waste; to devastate; to invade; to break into; to troll (e.g. web forums); to spam
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
strong spirit; mettle; backbone; guts; fighting spirit
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
one cup (of); one glass (of); one drink (of alcohol); full; filled (with); fully; to capacity
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai; person with a strong backbone; person that does incredible things; person of considerable talent
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
how; in what way; how about
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
honorific/polite/humble prefix
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
wonderful; splendid; magnificent; exceeding; incredible; remarkable
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others