indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
metre; meter; meter; gauge
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
storm area (winds of 25mps or more)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
maximum instantaneous wind speed
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
neighborhood; vicinity; environs; approaching
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
stormy weather (at sea); poor catch of fish (due to stormy seas); poor turn-out; recession
(Japanese) Meteorological Agency; JMA
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)
Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures; Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)
sphere; circle; range; category
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
unobstructed view; perspective; forecast; outlook; insight; foresight
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
landslide disaster; sediment disaster
regarding; in; to; towards; with regards to
attention; notice; care; caution; advice; warning
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
still; yet; more; still more; as ...; like ...
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
cancellation (of a flight or sea voyage)
to follow in succession; to happen one after another