indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sea bream (Sparidae); porgy; tai (species of reddish-brown Pacific sea bream, Pagrus major)
good (quality, condition, etc.); Good (grade); B
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
study; diligence; discount; reduction
of course; certainly; naturally
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
number one; first; best; most; game; round
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
that day; the very same day
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
cool; stylish; good-looking; fashionable; sexy
have a good day; take care; see you
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof