to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
to be convinced (that); to be under the impression (that); to make up one's mind; to set one's heart on; to be obsessed (with a thought, idea, etc.); to think about obsessively
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
by sheer strength; by brute force
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
if so; in that case; in that situation