you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
control; management (e.g. of a business)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
program (of events, music, etc.); programme; program (booklet); brochure; (computer) program; programming
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
three; three years of age
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to collect; to gather; to arrange; to put in order; to make uniform; to make even
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
reality; actuality; hard fact
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
in that way; thus; so; so?
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
after all; because; but; even; too; as well