that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
the whole enormous extent of Edo; from one side of Edo to the other
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to shake; to sway; to waver
whirr; hum; buzz; whoosh; woosh; whiz
should; must; -able; probably; likely
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
studies; schoolwork; classwork
(the) whole; as a whole; in general; at large
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to study; to complete (a course); to order (one's life); to repair (a fault one has committed)
the other day; a few days ago
than; from; out of; except; but; more
in history; ever; historical
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
bill (e.g. at a restaurant); check
magistrate; shogunate administrator
to order; to command; to appoint
genius; prodigy; natural gift
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
proclamation; promulgation
spread-out sail; full sail; (sailing) downwind
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to float; to become merry; to be cheerful; to become loose; to become unsteady; to feel out of it; to be cut off (e.g. from those around you)
pronunciation; production of sound
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
carat; unit of weight for jewels and pearls, 200mg; karat (measure of purity of gold); carat