indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to awaken (to the truth, etc.); to come to a realization; to come to one's senses
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
scenery; scene; landscape
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
myself; yourself; I; me; you
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
continuation; succession; series
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to become hungry; to get an empty stomach