father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to let fly; to make fly; to skip over; to leave out; to run fast; to drive fast; to spray
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
honorific/polite/humble prefix
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
hiss (esp. cat); sizzle; whoosh
everything; anything; nothing
moment to quit; way to quit
essential; important; crucial; vital; main
adds force or indicates command
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
metamorphosis; disguise; transformation; shapeshifting; morphing
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition