indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
curie (unit of radioactivity)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
fuel consumption; gas mileage
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; immediately; instantly; right away
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
in (of a ball, in tennis, etc.); inside the line; in; inside; enter here; enter
International System of Units; SI
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to pierce; to stab; to sting; to bite; to sew; to stitch; to pole (a boat)
terrific; staggering; tremendous; frightful; ghastly; horrific
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
reality; actuality; hard fact
influence; effect; to influence; to affect; to have an influence on
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
smallest (in size, degree, etc.); least; minimum; minimal
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
difference; variation; difference
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
number one; first; best; most; game; round
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis