Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
story; tale; talk; discussion
last night; yesterday evening
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
suffix for familiar person
to reward; to recompense; to repay; to retaliate; to get revenge
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become