to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
borrowing without returning
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
due form; official; formality
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fixtures; furnishings; equipment
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
how many years; how long; what year
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
leaving something where it is; abandoning something
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
a tiny bit; just a smidgin; a wee bit; very slightly
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
bowstring; string (of a shamisen, etc.); stringed instrument; chord; hypotenuse
to get tired; to become exhausted; to become worn out; to become battered (from long use); to get tired of (doing); to get fed up with
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb