really; truly; indeed; good grief
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
quantity; amount; generosity; magnanimity; pramana (means by which one gains accurate and valid knowledge; in Indian philosophy)
common; ordinary; fair (e.g. fight); gracious; frank; open
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
Sanzu River (Japanese Buddhist equivalent of the River Styx); River of Three Crossings
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
closing of a gate; (Edo-period) house confinement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
judgement; judgment; refereeing; umpiring; judgement (of God); referee
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; school; phylum; division; counter for cannons
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass
crack; crevice; fissure; chap; rift
important documents; important papers
to take out; to carry out; to bring out from where it belongs; to mention something; to broach a topic; to bring up (a subject)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
whole; entirety; to begin with; in the first place; ... the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?")
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
(fixing) boundaries for religious practices; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice); fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple; (arch.) short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store; barrier; dimensional barrier
to collapse; to crumble; to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to break down; to be thrown into disarray; to crash (stock market)
restoration; repair; mending
impossible; incapable (of doing); incompetence; inability; impotence; having no solution (of an equation)
taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven
please (give me); please (do for me)
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa); moutan; wild boar (meat)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)