indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
counter for waves (of a repeated occurrence)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
adds force or indicates command
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to investigate thoroughly; to master
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
-itis (indicating an inflammatory disease)
ghostly air; weird air; unearthly atmosphere
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle