indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
adds force or indicates command
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa); moutan; wild boar (meat)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
White Tiger (god said to rule over the western heavens); seven mansions (Chinese constellations) of the western heavens
mysterious presence; mysterious atmosphere; aura of mystery
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
how; in what way; how about
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)