year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
... years old; age (of) ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to hit (e.g. with a car); to knock down; to reject; to eliminate; to refuse (e.g. a request); to deny; to flip
(period of) a year; during the era (of)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
insane; crazy; nuts; out of one's mind
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
taking someone's temperature; thermometry
draining basket (traditionally made of bamboo); colander; something full of holes; zaru soba; strong drinker; someone who can drink like a fish
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
gal (unit of gravitational acceleration)
then; well; so; well then
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
time; hour; period; class
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis