alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
wearing thick clothes; dressing warmly
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
kimono; Japanese traditional clothing (esp. full-length); clothing; clothes
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
existence; being; presence
layer; stratum; class; stratum; sheaf; counter for stories (of a building)
enclosing wall; boundary fence; obstacle; barrier
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
(not) readily; (not) easily; (not) right away; (not) simply; (not) without difficulty
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted