to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once
to go out of use; to become obsolete; to die out; to decline (e.g. of morals); to be lost; to go into decline (of a town, business, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
timid; weak-kneed; fainthearted; bearish
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
thin arm; slender arm; slender means; meager ability to earn a living
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(arch.) poor; (arch.) unskillful; (arch.) clumsy; I; me
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
arm; ability; skill; (physical) strength
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
burly; strong; indomitable; indefatigable; robust (vitality, appetite, economic growth, etc.); strong
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
really; truly; indeed; good grief
it's no joke; gimme a break!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
trouble; hardship; difficulty; anxiety; worry; concern
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
then; well; so; well then
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.); to move
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me