from now; from this moment; henceforth
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
disturbance; upheaval; unrest; war; riot
(in) the middle of; (in) the midst of; (in) the course of; (at) the height of
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
imperial loyalist samurai of the Bakumatsu-era; patriots; idealists willing to sacrifice themselves for the good of the nation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
Asura; demigod; fighting; carnage; sledge (for conveying large rocks, logs, etc.); log slide
just like; exactly like; as if; (do) just like ...; (be) virtually like ...; as if it were ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
new era; new period; new age; new epoch
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
to cut open; to clear (land); to cut (a path, road, etc.); to carve out (a new career, future, etc.); to open up (a new field)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
end; ending; close; end of (one's) life; death
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to leave; to go away; to pass; to elapse; to be distant; to send away; to drive off
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(one's) whereabouts; destination; where one is headed; outcome; course (of events); future
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
legend; folklore; tradition
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
finally; at last; in the end; ultimately
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
man with a gentle nature; man of delicate features; man of slender build; effeminate man; feeble man
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?