indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that is to say; so that means
reinforcement (e.g. of troops)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
all; entire; whole; altogether
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
composition; formation; organization; organisation; compilation
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
actual place; actual location; the spot; place where one is currently living
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
when it comes to ...; if one were to speak of ...; by ... you mean ...; when you say ... you mean that ...; whenever ...; if it's ... then (without fail)
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
one's own judgement (judgment); decision made without consulting others; arbitrary decision; dogmatism
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
treachery; betrayal; perfidy
a little; a bit; somewhat; slightly; rather