right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
first-year student; first-year pupil; beginner; novice; annual; annual plant
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
parking lot; car park; carpark; parking garage
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
motorcycle; motorbike; bike; bicycle
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt; sentence-ending particle expressing a rhetorical question
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
student in a higher grade; upperclassman
school rules; school regulations
violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement
commuting to school; school commute
honorific/polite/humble prefix
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
old; former; the old; old things; old times; bygone days
club activities; extracurricular activities
large building; building with a long roof; counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
good place not many people know about; great little-known spot; good out-of-the-way place; betting booth (at a racecourse)
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
having in mind; happening to know (of); idea (of); inkling
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
obedient; meek; honest; frank; straight (e.g. hair); without peculiarity
to be possible to say; to be able to say; (arch.) said; (arch.) have said
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
somehow; for some reason (or other); without knowing why
that day; the very same day
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
then; and (then); in that case; if so
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding