to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
fragment; broken piece; chip; ounce (of truth, conscience, etc.); trace; shred
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
the other day; a few days ago
local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while traveling (travelling); present brought by a visitor; something unpleasant that one is given (e.g. an illness while on vacation); unwelcome gift
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember