indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
face; official stance; public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts); ceremony for the erection of the framework of a house
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
cover (e.g. for illegal activity); front; Dendropanax trifidus (species of flowering plant); straw raincoat that makes one invisible
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
conviction; belief; confidence
strong person; the strong; the powerful
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
seasonal migration (of fish, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
bomb; alcohol with liquor added (esp. wine-based shōchū highball, also beer with whiskey)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
extinction; annihilation; destruction
part; assigning (allotment of) parts; role; duties
to finish; to get through with; to graduate; to come to an end; to end; to finish doing ...
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
preparation; provision; defenses; guard; military formation; troop arrangement
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to become stronger; to grow in intensity; to grow violent; to invite contributions, etc.; to solicit help, participation, etc.; to recruit (e.g. soldiers)
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...