indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
punch (with the fist); punching (a hole); hole punch; punch (drink); punch (in a song, speech, etc.); impact
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; yoisho! (word shouted by the spectators during a yokozuna's ritual stomps); yoisho (filler word in folk music, etc.); flattery; buttering up (someone)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
then; well; so; well then
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
sorry; excuse me; thank you
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
eunicid (any worm of family Eunicidae)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
tackling (to the ground); tackle (in rugby, hockey, etc.); tackle (position in American football); fishing tackle
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently