indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
meaning; significance; sense
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
trap (for catching animals); snare; trap; trick; ruse
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
birdhouse; nest box; bird box; beehive
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
one's own potential; real ability; one's own strength
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
rule; domination; direction; management; control (of one's destiny, public opinion, etc.); governing
greed; craving; desire; appetite; hunger; avarice
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
name; given name; first name
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
sorry; excuse me; thank you
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
garage; carport; depot (for trains, buses, etc.); shed; carbarn
how; in what way; by what means
(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
key; lock; key (to a problem, success, etc.); clue
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to insert; to put in; to come in (of light); to shine in; to have a griping pain (in the stomach, chest, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
bothersome; tiresome; bother to do
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of