to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
how (beautiful, tasty, etc.); what a ...; nothing worth mentioning; nothing special; of what name
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
to become haggard; to become gaunt; to become emaciated; to become worn out (from illness, worry, etc.)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to grow up; to become an adult; to become big; to grow in size
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
that kind of; that way; that move; that trick; that game
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
fox (esp. the red fox, Vulpes vulpes); fox (i.e. a sly person); soba or udon topped with deep-fried tofu; light brown; golden brown
securing; obtaining; ensuring; belay; belaying
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate