honorific/polite/humble prefix
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
don't you think?; indicates question
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
request; favor; favour; reliance; dependence; trust
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
without; unacceptable; not alright; (arch.) nonexistent; (arch.) not being (there)
bureau; department; office (e.g. post, telephone); broadcasting station (e.g. television, radio); affair; situation
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
win; victory; beautiful scenery; scenic spot; counter for wins
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
how; in what way; how about
piece (in shogi, chess, etc.); (arch.) horse; (arch.) foal; bridge (of a violin, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
it's OK to ...; it's best to ...; it's alright to ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
bet; wager; stake; gamble
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
being settled quickly; reaching a quick conclusion; no need to say any more; no problem
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot