indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
time; hour; period; class
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
for better or worse; for good and bad; regardless of merit; both good and bad
doing things at one's own pace (e.g. slower than others); doing things one's own way (esp. in an inconsiderate manner)
obstinate; stubborn; headstrong
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to stagnate; to settle (at the bottom); to deposit; to become sluggish; to become dull; to be delayed
flow of time; flux of time; lapse of time; current of the times; trend of the times
tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
(public) peace; stability; tranquillity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
tough; strong; stiff; tenacious
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
straight; as the crow flies
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
people; men and women; each person; everybody
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to dam up; to hold back; to keep back; to stem (an activity); to check (e.g. progress)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
armpit; under one's arm; beside; close to; aside; to the side; off-track
sorry; excuse me; thank you