eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
then; well; so; well then
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to say; to be called; to do
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
at once; immediately; without delay; promptly
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
feeling (much) obliged; being (very) grateful; feeling sorry (for troubling someone); feeling ashamed (e.g. of an error); (arch.) shrinking back in fear
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
to ask a question; to ask questions
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
that far; so far; to that extent; stop!; not one step further!
splendid; nice; sufficient; satisfactory; not needing (any more of something); (already) having enough