indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to put (into); to put away (in); to include (in an anthology, catalogue, etc.); to contain; to achieve (results, success, etc.); to obtain; to accept (a gift or money)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
dukedom; duchy; principality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
opposite side; other side; over there; ahead; destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad)
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
dictatorship; despotism; autocracy; running (a company, etc.) despotically
defeating; crushing; smashing; destroying
in order to do; for the purpose of doing; must; should
federation (of states); confederation; commonwealth; union
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
persistent; obstinate; tenacious; relentless; insistent; importunate
resistance; opposition; reluctance; repulsion; resistance; drag
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
attack; assault; criticism; censure; cyber attack (e.g. DDoS)
town; city; municipal; urban
escape; getting away (from); getting out (of); prolapse; proptosis
to go down and stand; to alight; to get down
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to come off (of a button, handle, lid, etc.); to go away (of a fever, pain, swelling, etc.); to disappear; to be harvested; to be picked; to be interpreted (as); to be taken (as)
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed