indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to dedicate; to make an offering; to supply; to store; to finish; to bring to a close; to restore (something to its place)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
Japanese pronunciation of a kanji (based on adopted Chinese pronunciations)
dukedom; duchy; principality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son
Diet members' caucus; caucus of the Diet
to hand over; to turn over; to cede
outbreak of war; starting a war
to take off; to jump; to take the plunge; to decide; to step out of the ring
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
commonwealth; federation of states; confederation; union
having no choice; at a loss for what to do; at one's wits' end
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
by means of; due to; because of; according to