to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
the Dog (eleventh sign of the Chinese zodiac); hour of the Dog (around 8pm, 7-9pm, or 8-10pm); west-northwest; ninth month of the lunar calendar
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the signs of the Chinese zodiac); carving; engraving; strictness; cruelty
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
fragment; broken piece; chip; ounce (of truth, conscience, etc.); trace; shred
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Naraka; Hell; very bottom; the end; trap room (of a theatre); below-stage basement
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
extermination (e.g. of pests, demons, bandits); elimination; making someone renounce worldly desires in order to concentrate on Buddha's teachings; curing illness
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
village; hamlet; countryside; country; home (of one's parents, etc.); hometown
to destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
palm (of one's hand); skill; (in one's) grip; (under one's) control; one's (concealed) intentions; one's cards
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
suffix for familiar person
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
Maitreya (Bodhisattva); Miroku
the seven treasures (gold, silver, pearls, agate, crystal, coral, lapis lazuli); cloisonne ware; shippō pattern (of overlapping circles); shippō emblem
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)