ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
common camellia (Camellia japonica)
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
curse; spell; malediction
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
long ago; a long time ago; already
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to call for somebody; to come for someone; to pick someone up
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
really; truly; indeed; good grief
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...