spicy; hot; salty; harsh (criticism); severe (punishment); painful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
adds force or indicates command
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
beautiful woman; (a) beauty
to do completely; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
request; favor; favour; reliance; dependence; trust
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
so; like that; that's right; indeed; let me see...
a particular; a certain; that kind of; such a
distinguished family; noted family; family status in the Imperial Court; master (of a craft); expert
daughter of a person of high rank (esp. eldest daughter)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
to attack and overthrow; to utterly destroy
family; relatives; dependents; household
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
survival; survivor; relic
again; once more; a second time
to raise the reputation of one's family; to found a house
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
gentlemen; men; the men's (sign on toilet, bathroom, etc. doors)
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
eye; eyes; sight; vision; looking