indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
to pull into; to draw in; to bring in; to win over
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
until now; so far; up to the present
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; (not) any
(something) has never occurred; to have never done (something); such a thing has not happened; never happens; there is never a time when
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
sacred tree; support pillars of the traditional fire festival bonfires
execution by tying a victim to a post and stabbing with spears; crucifixion
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
name; given name; first name
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
to be solved; to be resolved; to loosen; to come untied; to be removed (of restrictions); to be lifted (e.g. a ban)
cannot (do); it is impossible that...; it is (highly) unlikely that...
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
mark; guide; purpose; aim; sight (on a firearm)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568 CE); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
again; once more; a second time
to bring; to take; to bring about
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then