right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
I agree with you; it is as (someone) says
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
honorific/polite/humble prefix
sleeping during the day; (afternoon) nap; siesta
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
all; altogether; entirely; exactly like; just like; spitting image of
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
society; public; community; social studies
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
subject; theme; homework; assignment; task; challenge
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)