painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera); Indian lotus; lotus; rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
Margrit; Marguerite; Margueritte
Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) you (in reference to someone of lower status)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
small; little; tiny; insignificant; humble; modest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
to like; to be pleased with; to be delighted with; to take a liking to; to suit one's fancy
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
for example; for instance; e.g.
in that way; thus; so; so?
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
woman; female; feminine gender
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)