to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
control; management (e.g. of a business)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
how; in what way; how about
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
new student; freshman; first-year student
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
hole; hole; cup; (electron) hole
to gather; to collect; to assemble
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
from (this, here, etc.); since (this)
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
please (give me); please (do for me)
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)