that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
protection; safeguard; shugo (Kamakura or Muromachi period military governor)
duration; continuance; survival; persistence; retention
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
going around; patrol; round; tour
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
all living things; all God's creatures, great and small
observation; survey; watching
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
participation; taking part in; participating in; being concerned in
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
(divine) providence; dispensation
control; management (e.g. of a business)
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to raise; to bring up; to rear; to cultivate; to foster; to nurture
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to return; to come back; to turn over; to become extremely; to become completely
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
law; regulation; rule; code; agreement; arrangement
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
wedge; chock; linchpin; tie; bond
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
reason of being; raison d'être; meaning of one's existence