rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
to strike against; to collide with; to encounter; to meet; to clash
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
scattered; disperse; loose; disconnected; in pieces; in drops
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
aim; object; expectations; prospects; something that can be relied upon; snack served with alcoholic drink; pad
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
though; although; be that as it may; nonetheless
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
time; hour; period; class
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
stipulation; prescription; provision; regulation; rule
to pass (of time); to elapse
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
present point (i.e. in history); at the present time
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
search (esp. for someone or something missing); manhunt; legally authorized search of a person, building, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis