indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
adds force or indicates command
alvar; biological environment based on a limestone plain with thin or no soil
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
soldier; combatant; warrior
Satan; the Devil; the Prince of Darkness; king of the demons who try to prevent people from doing good
loss; feeling of loss; Los Angeles
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
suffix for familiar person
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back