indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
tide; current; sea water; opportunity; chance; thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to see everything; to see all; to abandon; to give up; to sell at a loss; to sell off
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
happiness; blessedness; luck; luckily; fortunately
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to kill by hitting; to beat to death; to slaughter
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to eat; to drink; to receive (e.g. a blow); to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to mix; to stir; to blend
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
last moment; eleventh hour; platform made of dirt used to perform executions (decapitations) in the Edo period
within a company; in-house; within a shrine; shrine precincts
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
kind; courteous; intimate; (arch.) becoming intimate; (arch.) having an intimate relationship (sometimes esp. a homosexual relationship)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)